The Differences Between Robusta and Arabica Coffee

There are two main species of coffee plants that are commercially cultivated - Coffea robusta and Coffea arabica. Robusta coffee originated from countries in Central and West Africa while arabica coffee originated from Ethiopia. Arabica coffee is a diploid species with two sets of chromosomes while robusta coffee is a tetraploid species with four sets of chromosomes.

Plant Characteristics
Robusta coffee plants are more resistant to disease and pests as compared to arabica plants. They can grow at lower altitudes and in warmer climates. Robusta plants have larger leaves and are hardier. Arabica plants grow better at higher altitudes of between 1500 to 2500 meters above sea level. They are more susceptible to moisture and require protection from harsh winds and sunlight. Arabica plants have smaller leaves and yield beans with more delicate flavors.

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