Essential Guide to the U.S. Green Card Renewal Process

For lawful permanent residents in the United States, the green card is proof of their legal status. However, green cards are not valid forever. Most are issued with a 10-year expiration date, requiring renewal before they expire. Without a valid card, you may face challenges with employment, travel, or proving your lawful status. That’s why understanding the green card renewal process is so important. Renewing on time ensures you maintain your legal proof of residency and avoid complications.

Why Green Card Renewal Matters

The green card not only proves your right to live and work in the U.S. but also serves as an official identification document. Allowing it to expire can create unnecessary stress.

Some common issues with an expired card include:

• Difficulty verifying employment through Form I-9.

• Challenges when re-entering the U.S. after international travel.

• Problems obtaining or renewing a driver’s license.

• Extra complications if applying for citizenship.

Staying proactive about green card renewal helps protect your legal rights and avoid unnecessary disruptions in daily life.

When to Renew Your Green Card

Most green cards are valid for 10 years. It is recommended to begin the renewal process six months before your card expires. If your card is already expired, you should still apply as soon as possible.

You should also apply for green card renewal if your card has been:

• Lost, stolen, or destroyed.

• Damaged or unreadable.

• Issued with incorrect information.

• Changed due to a legal name update (marriage, divorce, etc.).

Being aware of these situations ensures your card always reflects your current and legal status.

How to Renew Your Green Card

The process for green card renewal is straightforward but requires careful attention to detail. The main form used is Form I-90, Application to Replace Permanent Resident Card, filed with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS).

Steps typically include:

1. Complete Form I-90 online or on paper.

2. Pay the required fees, which usually include a filing fee and biometrics fee.

3. Submit supporting documents, such as a copy of your current green card.

4. Attend a biometrics appointment for fingerprints, photos, and signature.

5. Wait for your case to be processed and receive your new card.

Renewals are usually processed within 6–12 months, though times can vary depending on USCIS workload.

Costs of Green Card Renewal

As of now, the total fee for filing Form I-90 is $540, which includes a $455 application fee and an $85 biometrics fee. Fee waivers may be available for certain applicants who meet financial hardship requirements.

When planning your green card renewal, factor in both the cost and time it will take to complete the process.

Traveling with an Expired Green Card

International travel can be stressful if your green card is close to expiring. USCIS advises against traveling outside the U.S. with an expired card. If you must travel while your renewal application is pending, you can request temporary proof of status, usually in the form of an I-551 stamp in your passport.

This stamp serves as evidence of your permanent resident status until your new card arrives. For frequent travelers, timely green card renewal is essential.

What Happens If You Don’t Renew

Failing to renew your green card does not automatically affect your permanent resident status. However, it can create significant obstacles. You may find it difficult to prove legal residency, and employers may not accept an expired card for work verification.

Additionally, if you plan to apply for naturalization, an expired card could complicate your application. Keeping your green card valid through timely renewal ensures smoother progress toward citizenship.

Conditional Green Cards and Renewal

Some permanent residents have conditional green cards, typically issued through marriage-based or investor-based applications. These cards are valid for only two years.

Conditional residents must file a petition to remove conditions (Form I-751 or Form I-829) within 90 days of the card’s expiration date. This is different from the regular green card renewal process, but equally important to avoid losing permanent resident status.

Online vs. Paper Filing

USCIS allows applicants to file Form I-90 either online or by mailing a paper application. Many applicants prefer online filing because it offers:

• Faster submission.

• Immediate confirmation of receipt.

• Ability to track case status online.

• Easier document uploads.

Regardless of the method, accuracy and completeness are key to a smooth green card renewal.

Green Card Renewal for Special Situations

Not all renewals are the same. Some residents may face unique challenges that require extra care, including:

• Residents living abroad temporarily – If you’re outside the U.S., you may need to file upon return.

• Name changes – Legal proof of a name change (marriage certificate, divorce decree, or court order) must be included.

• Incorrect cards – If USCIS made an error on your green card, the renewal or replacement is free.

In each case, professional guidance can help avoid errors or delays.

The Role of Immigration Lawyers in Renewal

While many renewals are straightforward, some cases can be complex. An immigration lawyer can help by:

• Reviewing eligibility for renewal.

• Ensuring the application is accurate and complete.

• Handling difficult cases, such as those with criminal records.

• Advising on travel or employment during renewal delays.

Having legal support can make green card renewal less stressful and more efficient, especially for applicants with unique circumstances.

Tips for a Smooth Renewal Process

To make your renewal as easy as possible, keep the following tips in mind:

1. Start six months before your card expires.

2. Double-check all details on Form I-90.

3. Keep copies of all submitted documents.

4. Attend your biometrics appointment on time.

5. Track your case regularly through USCIS online tools.

Proactive preparation is the best way to ensure your green card renewal goes smoothly.